WAAS - Enabled GPS System

WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) was developed by the Federal Aviation Administration to augment the Global Positioning System to improve its accuracy, integrity, and availability. WAAS was originally intended to enable aircraft to rely on GPS for all phases of flight, including the precision approach to airport's within its coverage area. The WAAS system typically provides better than 1.0 meters laterally and 1.5 meters vertically throughout most of the contiguous United States and large parts of Canada and Alaska. This accuracy is capable of provideing aircraft with the precision needed for safe approaches and inflight navigation for all weather conditions. Integrity of the WAAS information is no more than 3 seconds of bad data per year allowing the system to be considerd safe by the FAA for instrument flight rules.

Although orignally developed for aviation, WAAS is not just limited to the aviation industry, any GPS receiver that is capable of receiving the WAAS signal will be able to benefit from it's correction data, making the GPS positioning more accurate. In fact a WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can even give you directions right down to the lane your car is traveling in (as long as the maping program supports "lane assist" directions). Because the Wide Area Augmentation System is quickly becoming standard in the GPS industry, most new GPS receivers today are WAAS-enabled. Just like with the conventinal GPS, the WAAS system doesn't come with any extra cost or fees to use. All that is required is that the GPS receiver be WAAS-enabled so it can receive and decode the data then be able to apply corrections to it's position. Currently the WAAS service is limited to the U.S.A., Canada, Alaska and Hawaii. Although independant from WAAS, Europe and Asia are working on their own supplemental GPS correction systems. Europe has the  "Euro Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service" (EGNOS) and Japan is working on their "Multi-Functional Satellite Augmentation System" (MSAS) .

How The WAAS System Works

WAAS uses a network of approximately 25 ground based Wide-area Reference Stations (WRS) in North America and Hawaii, to measure small variations in GPS satellite signals in the western hemisphere. These precisely surveyed ground stations monitor and collect information on the GPS signals and send their data to the three Wide-area Master Stations (WMS). The WMS's generate two different sets of corrections: fast and slow. The fast corrections are for errors that are changing rapidly and are a primary concern to the GPS satellites instantaneous positions and clock errors. These corrections are user position independent, which means they can be applied instantly by any receiver in the WAAS broadcasting area. The slow corrections are for long-term ephemeric and clock error estimates and ionospheric delay information.

Once these corrections are generated, the Master Stations sends them to two pairs of Ground Uplink Stations (GUS) that transmit the correction messages to a series of geostationary satellites that broadcast their correction data back to earth. Then WAAS-enabled GPS receivers use this information to make corrections to the original GPS signial, giving WAAS-enabled GPS receiver a more accurate position. GPS receiver's use the information broadcast from each GPS satellite to determine their location and the current time. Depending on the GPS device, a GPS receiver only needs to receive a signal from 3-4 satellites (out of the 31 satellites currently transmiting a signal for civilan users) to be able to calculate it's position. In addition to the GPS signal, a WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can also receive the geostationary WAAS satellite signal.

The two different types of correction messages from the WAAS system (fast and slow) are used by  the GPS receiver in different ways. The fast type of correction data includes the corrected satellite position and clock data to determine its current location using normal GPS calculations. Once an approximate position fix is obtained the GPS receiver begins to use the slow corrections to improve its accuracy. Slow correction data Includes the ionospheric delay. When the GPS signal travels from the satellite to the receiver, it passes through the ionosphere. The receiver calculates the location where the signal pierced the ionosphere and, if it has received an ionospheric delay value for that location, it corrects for the error  that the ionosphere created. Unlike the fast data, the slow data doesn't need to be updated frequently because the ionosphere conditions don't change rapidly. While the slow data can be updated every minute if necessary, they are only updated every two minutes and are considered valid for up to six minutes.

Limitations of the WAAS System

(1) The WAAS system is currently only available to United States and large parts of Canada and Alaska but there plans to expand the system to other countries and continents.

(2) Because the WAAS broadcasting satellites are geostationary  causes them to be less than 10° above the horizon for locations north of 71.4° latitude. This means aircraft in areas of Alaska or northern Canada may have difficulty maintaining a lock on the WAAS signal.

(3) In order to calculate an ionospheric grid point's delay, that point must be located between a satellite and a reference station. The low number of satellites and ground stations limit the number of points which can be calculated.

(4) Aircraft conducting WAAS approaches must possess certified GPS receivers.

Jeff Sanders

Garmin GPS Navigation Systems [http://www.gpsfrontier.com]

[http://www.gpsfrontier.com]

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How Does a GPS System Work? Where to Get the Best GPS Systems For Your Needs

Basically a GPS System consists of 3 parts.

1. The Satellite System,

2. The Ground Station and

3. The GPS Receiver

Satellite System:

The SPS satellite system consists of 24 satellites operated by the United States Airforce and is called NAVSTAR. They are solar powered and have backup batteries to keep working during eclipses. Each satellite orbits the earth twice every day. Together the 24 satellites cover the entire earth from their various high orbits. They are designed to orbit in such a way that at any point of time any GPS system on earth receives signals from at least 4 satellites. These satellites have atomic clocks aboard them which keep accurate time.

The Ground Stations:

These stations keep sending up signals to keep the data on the satellites accurate. Sometimes, the satellites go out of orbit or data on them is outdated. The master ground station continuously monitors the signals and sends up corrected information so the data aboard the satellites is accurate all the time. So, when a GPS system logs on to these signals the data is always accurate.

GPS Receiver:

GPS receiver is the device you use to find your way around anywhere on Earth. The receiver GPS device receives the data from the satellites and calculates its position on earth. For the GPS system to find the location accurately it needs to receive signals from at least 4 satellites.

The GPS satellites emit low power radio signals of two frequencies. One is intended for military use and the other frequency L1 is for civilian use. There are 3 bits of information transmitted by the satellite which is used by the GPS system to make simple calculations to find the location on earth.

The principle on which GPS system works is very simple. At every moment the GPS receiver calculates the distance between itself and a satellite from space. You can be anywhere on a sphere defined by this "distance" as the radius. The GPS receiver does this same calculation for four satellites. The intersection of the 4 spheres gives your coordinates on earth.

GPS Systems Can FAIL:

But for this to work the GPS receiver needs to be in the open with a clear view of the skies where it can get uninterrupted low power radio signals from the satellites. It won't work indoors - inside buildings, homes and offices. It does not work underground. It does not work in caves and mines. It does not work when there are tall buildings or thick foliage like in a dense forest. It does not work underwater. In short ,it does not work where you can't get clear satellite signals so make sure you are in view of open skies before you try to determine your position. Else, you might get faulty readings from your GPS Systems that can endanger you.

How to buy the best GPS systems? How to select the right GPS system for your needs? Find the answers to your questions about GPS receivers, navigational aids, handheld GPS and much more at best GPS systems reviews

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How Does GPS (Global Positioning System) Work?

GPS (Global positioning system) GPS (Global positioning system) is a satellite sourced navigation system developed by the Unites States Department of Defense and is administered by United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. With technological advances in leaps and bounds, a system was developed specifically for army utilization which is now widely used as GPS for precise tracking and mapping purposes, it was made available to civilians in 1980's.

Worldwide positioning on your handheld does not put in the picture of how complex the GPS technology is. U.S. defense department spent $12 billion on developing this system which made Navigation and positioning a child's play.

It uses a constellation linking 24 to 32 satellites orbiting earth that transmit well defined radio wave signals, which allow GPS receivers to establish their existing location, the timings, and their speed.

GPS satellites GP system makes use of the information provided by the GPS satellites orbiting around earth twice in every 24 hours at around 7000 miles per hour.All GPS satellites are equipped with solar panels and thus make use of solar energy to power the resources. They have backup batteries installed onboard to keep active whenever a solar eclipse or any such event takes place. These satellites are provided with small rocket boosters which can be deployed when they deviate from their original path.

Satellite signals Each of these satellites recurrently sends signals to the receivers on the earth which work out all the information. Based on these calculations the exact position can be known. These signals give out the location, speed and time with use of accurate orbital information and relative orbit distances of GPS satellites. The signal comprises of three basic parts - a pseudorandom code, ephemeris data and almanac data .Satellites transmit 2 low powered radio signals L1 and L2, civilian GPS makes use of L1 signal which has a frequency of 1575.42 MHz in UHF band. These signals are thus unable to pass through solid buildings, mountains etc. The pseudorandom code gives the information about the satellite which is identified by a unique code. Ephemeris data gives an account of the satellite position and other related orbital information. Almanac data is provided at regular intervals and it contains the valuable information about the current date and time which is very important to determine the position of the receiver.

Trilateration The GPS concept is based on "Trilateration" or in simple words "triangulation". Trilateration is a method which uses the geometry of triangles to determine the relative positions. Computing the distances of different satellites we can determine the location of the receiver. Magellan and Garmin offer superior GPS receivers which are exceedingly accurate due to their parallel channel design. These receivers lock into satellites and maintain their link even in dense forest areas or regions which are highly populated and have large number of buildings. Certain atmospheric factors also affect the accuracy of these receivers. A GPS receiver locked in to 4 different satellites can accurately determine the three dimensions that is, the latitude, the longitude and the altitude. With a device locked into 2 satellites can conclude only 2d view that is, the longitude and the latitude. The GPS needs an highly accurate clock. The most perfect clock made upto date is the atomic clock. GPS makes use of this same clock in its satellites. But for the receiver end, installing clocks in the devices would have made it unaffordable so the developers came up with the idea of using a 4th dimension in determining the position. So a normal position can be easily established using signals from not three but four satellites.

MAGELLAN AND GARMIN Leading brands with GPS solutions, Garmin and Magellan have a variety of products on offer.

For portable and on board navigators such a nuvi and zumo series from Garmin and Magellan maestro and triton series offer exceptional on-road and off road coverage for all types of vehicles. These navigational handhelds and fixed navigators are best for hiking, biking and camping purposes around the world whether you are in a vehicle or trekking by foot.
Both Garmin and Magellan have equally competitive products for land, airborne and sea navigation, mining and agriculture machine products, vehicle navigation, and Aerospace solutions. They provide professional GPS solutions for avionics and safety, radars and autopilots, marine networking, sensors and boards for surveys and recreational application.
Blackberry and PDA's for Mobile and laptop integration with the GPS receivers is another range of products. Now you can have the GPS on the go with these revolutionary products on offer.
Customized software solutions from Magellan and Garmin GPS' handheld for topographic, marine and street navigation. Fully detailed maps with extensive coverage points including lakes, mountains, streets, monuments, parks and comprehensive range of addresses make these a world class navigational equipments.

Newer and more accurate technology is flooding the market such as the upgradation to differential global positioning system (DGPS) offered by Garmin is cuurently deployed by the U.S. coastal guard which gives an accurate account of position with a range of three to five meters. Recent Garmin GPS receivers are equipped with WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) which corrects to the average of 3 meters by improving and transmitting GPS signals through beacon transmitters.

Limitations and error introduction in the GPS receivers

Delays in the atmosphere while passing through Ionosphere and troposphere introduces delay time errors in the signals.
Improper synchronization and correction of atomic clock time in satellite and receiver.
Ephemeris errors- errors due to incorrect location co ordinates of the satellite.
GPS does not work under water, under ground or inside the buildings.
Needs clear Line of sight from the satellite to the receiver. Any obstructions due to buildings and dense flora introduce erroneous results.

GPS has a widespread use and thus has innumerous applications. They can be broadly categorized to military and civilian industry. Whether it is land, sea or air GPS has become seamlessly important. Surveyors, mariners and aviation industry have become highly dependent on these technological wonders. Others active customers include the automobile clients and recreational sports activity patrons. GPS has undoubtedly transformed the way of living and taken it to new heights.

Written by [http://www.jhelectronics.com]

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GPS Tracking System - How Its Components Work

Born of the best minds from a concept so simple is an exceptional complex system, the GPS tracking system. It is made up of three components: satellites that orbit the earth, control and monitoring stations and the GPS receivers. It is a radionavigation system providing reliable positioning, navigating, and timing services not just for the military but also to civilian users as well in any part of the world. The GPS tracking system has drastically changed the world of navigation through land, sea and air, in all weather, 24/7.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S. space-based radionavigation system that provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to civilian users on a continuous worldwide basis -- freely available to all. For anyone with a GPS receiver, the system will provide location and time. GPS provides accurate location and time information for an unlimited number of people in all weather, day and night, anywhere in the world.

In the 1960s the U.S. Navy and Air Force worked together on a number of systems that would be able to provide a variety of navigation applications. In 1973 the Department of Defense aimed to direct the services in unifying their systems. The concept of the tracking system would be atomic clocks onboard satellites was tested successfully by an earlier Navy program called TIMATION. The Air Force would operate the new system called the Navstar Global Positioning System. From then on, it has since been known as simply GPS or Global Positioning System.

The GPS tracking System Satellites

Today's GPS Operational Constellation is funded and controlled by the U.S. Department of Defense and being operated by the U.S. Military. It is comprised of three major components: a "constellation" of satellites in Earth orbit, ground stations that controlled the system and receivers hand carried by the users. It was so designed so that these receivers could be made small and inexpensive and would not require atomic clocks.

The GPS tracking system is an aerospace technology comprising of at least 24 operational satellites at all times. Each satellite is on a circular orbit 20,000 kilometers above the Earth on a 12-hour period. In order to make sure that these satellites are detected from anywhere on the surface of the Earth, the satellites are divided into six groups having four space vehicles each. The six orbital planes completely surround the Earth, equally spaced 60 degrees apart and at an angle of about 50 degrees with respect to the equatorial plane. Each group is assigned a different path to follow. The orbit altitude is such, that the GPS satellites recapitulate the same ground track and configuration at approximately over any point each in 24 hours. The GPS tracking system's navigation message consists of time-tagged data bits that mark the time of transmission of each subframe at the time they are being transmitted by the space vehicle. A data bit frame consists of 1500 bits divided into five 300-bit subframes and a data frame is being transmitted at an interval of 30 seconds. There are three six-second subframes containing orbital and clock data. Precise clock corrections are sent in subframe one and orbital data sets or ephemeris data parameters for the transmitting space vehicle are sent in subframes two and three. Various pages of the system data are being transmitted in subframes four and five. So the GPS tracking system has an entire set of twenty-five frames or 125 subframes creating the complete navigation message sent over a 12.5-minute period.

The GPS Tracking System Equipment on the Ground

Ground stations are used so that each satellite orbit are accurately tracked. The GPS tracking system has ground stations which is comprised of a receiver and antenna, as well as communication tools to transmit the data to the data center. When the GPS satellites supply specially coded signals, the omni-directional antenna at each site picks up the signals and that is processed in a receiver. The receiver then separates the signals in various channels for a particular satellite and frequency at a particular time. Once the signals are isolated, the receiver now decodes them and splits them into individual frequencies to calculate position, velocity, direction and time anywhere on Earth.

At least four GPS satellite signals consisting of space segments are used in computing positions in three-dimensional locations - latitude, longitude and altitude - and the time offset in the receiver clock. All GPS tracking system satellites have synchronized operations so that the signals are transmitted at the speed of light to the equipment on the ground. Each GPS satellite broadcasts data indicating its location and current time.

Since the GPS tracking system sites are constructed throughout the world and are being monitored by different institutions worldwide, there are many different data center locations. The role of the data center is to both monitor and control the GPS tracking system stations. The data center uses an automated computer system in retrieving and analyzing data from the receivers. Once processed, the data, including the original raw data, are sent to scientists around the glob for use in various applications.

From laboriously built landmarks by our ancestors to shooting the stars to chronometers to satellites, our technology has evolved faster than we could ever imagine. The GPS tracking system is the most recent and significant advancement in navigation and positioning technology. This new constellation of artificial stars serves this important need for both the military and civilian users and is now fast becoming important in everyday life.

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Why Use a Portable GPS (Global Positioning System) Device?

A handheld GPS unit not only saves you a lot of time but also makes your commuting process easier and simpler than usual. These devices guide your way to unfamiliar destinations without much hassles.

I have been using a portable GPS device for a couple of years now and believe you me, traveling has been way more pleasurable than what it used to be. No one likes to be lost and asking directions can be quite annoying at times. And printing pages after pages of maps can be an arduous task. A GPS navigation unit is probably the best answer to all such problems.

These gadgets are incredible devices that offer you a wide array of ways in order to get the best of them. Below we will discuss how best you can use these devices.

Driving: A GPS unit can be used in cars for an enhanced driving experience. The mapping software incorporated in the device helps you steer your way to a desired destination and back and that too by leading you through the fastest routes. These devices contribute towards efficient travelling by choosing the shortest routes and notify you of the current traffic conditions of roads you are driving on. Another interesting feature of these GPS units is that they come with a number of 'points of interest'. These gadgets are designed to inform you about gas stations, restrooms and the like while you are approaching them. Now that sounds good, doesn't it?

Boating: other than cars, a portable GPS device can also be used while boating. These devices help to point different stops like, fishing spots, great scenic view, and favorite landing points etc. and later in case you want to get back to these points, your GPS navigator will guide your way back to your desired spot.

In airplanes: GPS gadgets are also used while flying commercial airplanes. In this case, a GPS device helps you determine the distance from your destination, your current location, how high you are flying and at what speed.

Tourism and vacations: in case you are going to a new unfamiliar place for your vacation, your GPS device can prove to be a great help as it can locate places of special interest, to mark places that you may like to return to and also to find local restaurants.

Biking: regardless of the fact whether you are a casual or a serious biker, a portable GPS unit can be a great way to track your progress. It can record the distance you have travelled, your halt time, average speed, current speed etc.

There are several ways to use a GPS navigation device, abovementioned are just a few. There are various kinds of GPS devices with varied features that are found on the market. It is advisable that you do your necessary research and then purchase a device that will suit your needs the best.

So, to conclude, now that you have a fair idea about what GPS devices are and how to use them, feel free to go ahead and get your brand new portable GPS unit today and enjoy all that it has to offer.

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The All-In-One GPS System - Pharos Traveler GPS 525

GPS systems are common, and typically only provide GPS technology. Pharos has taken a step ahead, in the technology market, and introduced a GPS system that not only offers GPS capabilities, but also includes many technologies offered on PDAs. Pharos' Traveler GPS 525 comes with everything you need to track locations and directions, along with the other great technologies.

The GPS 525 ships with a?PTL525 GPS receiver, windshield bracket mount, AC adapter, 12-volt car charger, USB SD card reader, headset, 512 MB SD card, navigation CD with U.S. maps and user's manual come with the unit.

In addition, the integration of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Microsoft Windows Mobile 5.0 gives users a GPS system that does more than give you directions. Because of the integration of Windows Mobile, users now have the ability to use applications, such as Word, Outlook, and Excel, from one unit. From your Pharos Traveler GPS 525, you can now synchronize with your system, with your Outlook contacts. Navigation and GPS positioning has never been easier.

Pharos' platform lays on a SC32442X 300 MHz processor, 64MB ROM, 128MB SDRAM, SiRF starIII GPS receiver, and 512 MD SD memory card - all of which offers great performance for its users. It also comes with maps for 50 major U.S. cities. If users were to load all of these maps, additional memory would be need for other functionality.

Preloaded maps are a grand benefit to consumers, but the points-of-interests, available through the GPS' mapping software, can be much more useful. Finding your favorite restaurant or bank has never been easier. With a couple clicks, or the use of your stylus pen, points-of-interest are easily accessible.

With measurements of 2.34 x 4.32 x 0.69 inches, the Pharos Traveler GPS 525 can easily slide into a pocket for easy travel. The average battery life, typically around 9 hours, gives you plenty of charge time on the new unit. Additionally, Pharos integrated VoIP technology, which allows you to use your GPS system as a phone.

The technologies, integrated into the Travel GPS 525, make this system function like a PDA. Because of the nature of such a unit, the price tag is usually around $600. This is obviously more than a standard GPS system and average for a smart phone.

The screen resolution, on the GPS 525, is 240 x 320, which tends to be a bit small for those attempting to view maps while they are driving. Additionally, there is no lock button on this unit; therefore, storing it in its travel case is highly recommended.

If you can get around the sticker price, and the fact that the screen is a bit difficult to read while driving, the functionality is impeccable. The only question to ask yourself, at this point, is do you want a PDA with GPS functionality, or a GPS with PDA capabilities. If you are looking for a GPS, which has a little more to offer than a standard GPS system, and you can get around the slightly elevated sticker price, then the Traveler GPS 525 is the decision.

About the Author: Matt Ryan can help you find a great deal on a Garmin handheld GPS. Visit MiracleShopper to research and get product descriptions, specifications and pricing on GPS Devices and more.

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GPS Systems-Not Technical Enough to use a GPS? Don't Worry- You Can Buy an Automatic GPS System

This may come as a surprise... you do not have to be a technical person to use a GPS.

Although the concept and technology of Global Positioning Satellite systems was originally created by the Department of Defense for military uses, it has lately been made useable to the general public and today you will be able to get an automatic GPS system easily and promptly to keep you on track while driving. An automatic GPS system is becoming more and more popular amongst people and the latest vehicles actually include it among the vehicle accessories.

An auto GPS system is basically a GPS receiver that's put on the dashboard of the vehicle. You program in the address you're thinking of going and the system will provide you stepwise directions -audio directions in the latest ones. The days of paper maps and argument over whether or not men could ask for directions are all over. Nowadays, all you require is an auto GPS system and you're ready to go where you wish.

The automatic GPS system receives its signal from four out of twenty-four possible orbiters that are constantly revolving the Earth. The receiver overlays this positioning data onto map files stored on the unit, to provide a present location on the map in addition to previous course. The receiver perpetually recalculates location, passing on real time location. A regular auto GPS system comprises:

* A twelve channel receiver - the quality of the receiver decides how long it takes the device to acquire a 3-D fix.

* Antenna to receive satellite signals - placed to get an unobstructed view of the sky.

* Central processing unit to process the information and place on maps

* A DVD Hard-drive - where maps on DVD's or those downloaded from the net are uploaded and put in. Some cheaper units don't upload the maps; they just reference them off the DVD or CD.

* A Display Screen - generally color with hand-held units using black-and-white

* Audio Interface

The first time you switch on your automatic GPS system, its information store is empty so it has to gather satellite data to find out your location. This is named as cold start. Some units just take thirty to forty-five seconds to get a 3-D fix during a cold start, while others could take several minutes. Future position updates just takes three to four seconds. Whenever you go out of range from losing line of vision, like passing behind a large building or through a tunnel, a good receiver will immediately recover, whereas weaker units will need more time to reacquire a 3-D fix.

Nowadays, automatic GPS systems are not as costly as you guess they might be. A few of the automatic GPS systems could be obtained for under two hundred dollars and the flashier devices will cost you as much as a thousand dollars. However there's no doubt that owning an automatic GPS system could surely make life more comfortable for everybody.

Make sure you know what GPS systems are and how it can benefit you by visiting http://fromexpert.110mb.com/gpssystems/index.php a popular website about GPS systems.

Kamran is a Mechatronics Engineer who loves GPS systems. He is an enthusiastic follower of the launch of latest GPS systems. He runs an informative site that gives lots of information on GPS systems and reveals the best manufacturers of GPS. He is giving away a free downloadable e-book explaining what GPS is, how it operates as well as the best manufacturers of GPS. To make the best of this cool stuff and much more make sure you check out Kamran's web site at http://fromexpert.110mb.com/gpssystems/index.php

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How to Choose a GPS Navigation System

Choosing a GPS navigation device can be a daunting process especially if you have never used a GPS device. GPS devices can get you from point A to point B with almost no thinking, just enter a starting address and a destination then let your GPS unit talk and visually guide you. It's that simple. Before you just run out and pick up any GPS Navigation System there are a few features or aspects you need think about.

1. Accurate Navigation is the most important part of your GPS device. All GPS devices will tell you they are extremely accurate, this isn't always true. Online User groups are great way to find out how accurate a GPS device is because most groups give unbiased advice.

2. Your GPS unit should be easy to use. Go to your local electronics store and test several devices. Make sure the interface is easy for you to operate. Lower priced GPS units have a bare bones interface that can sometimes be clunky and slow.

3. Long Battery Life. Trust me here, the longer the battery life the better. Getting a GPS unit with long battery life can really increase the price tag but it's worth it, especially if you are not near your car charger. Most GPS Units have an additional charging port on the side to plug in another device such as a cell phone. Bigger batteries also mean less clutter in the car because you won't need to pull out that charger. My last point on getting a better battery is that you can load your routes with having to be plugged into an external power source.

4. Named Streets. You're going to pay more for this, but it's worth it if you are in an unfamiliar city. So, instead of your gps device saying "turn right" it may say "turn right on Big St".

5. Real-time traffic stats. Most GPS devices will ask you how you want to get to a location (either shortest or quickest route) but very few consider if there is traffic on the chosen route. Real-time traffic stats are usually reserved for the most expensive GPS devices. If you're rich, then this feature is for you.

6. Consider the GPS size and weight. When you go to your electronics store make sure you can pick up the GPS unit to feel it's weight. Also, screen size is very important if you have trouble seeing because your GPS device may be mounted a foot or two from your eyes.

7. Screen and audio clarity. Make sure you can see everything clearly on your GPS device especially in direct light and in the dark. Most GPS devices feature night illumination controls which really help for all you night drivers. The audio should be crisp, clear and very easy to understand. If you like to listen to the radio while using GPS navigation make sure your GPS unit has a load speaker (or good audio out).

Discount Garmin Nuvi GPS [http://www.gps-units.org]

Magellan GPS [http://www.gps-handhelds.net]

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GPS System Tracking - Applications of GPS Tracking System

The General Positioning System (GPS) tracking system is the latest breakthrough of the technology aiming at improving people's lives. The GPS tracking system is reported to be used as a travel guide and as a tracking device of vehicles. No matter its application, GPS devices are good traveling companions.

The actual process of GPS tracking system is straightforward. In short, there are exactly 27 satellites rolling around the center of the Earth. Out of them, 24 are used by the GPS technology and the remaining ones are used for storage purposes. A GPS receiver installed in your car emits a signal to these satellites. Four available satellites will be used to find out your exact position. The mathematical tenet involves in this computing process is called trilateration. It can be achieved in either two dimensions or three dimensions.

Adverse weather conditions can affect the accuracy of the position. This issue is still to be addressed by GPS vendors as they are struggling to tweak their devices as a way around this problem.

Applications of GPS devices are twofold: the first one being as travelling guide as you can set your destination and the receiver will work out your location. It will also tell the best trajectory to reach your destination. It should be noted that some devices are able to talk as well. The GPS technology is also reported to be used in the military industry as it was first created for such purposes.

Another application of GPS devices is for tracking purposes. For instance a car company may decide to install GPS device in their cars in order to record their position all over the time. This can help them improving their delivery times and also increase their efficiency. An employer also can make use of this device to make sure that his employees are not abusing company car privileges.

Private investigators also make use of GPS tracking devices in order to keep track of cheating wives. Law enforcement also makes use of GPS devices to locate people who steal cars. Recent GPS devices are also able to report a driver's habits therefore deciding if the driver is responsible enough to carry on.

The GPS tracking system is also a perfect way around home construction site thefts. Indeed, recent news from the Tennessee reveals that GPS tracking devices have helped identify a rash of construction site thefts where many thieves were used to nicking home appliances. A Tennessee police spokesman later on claims that these hard to break burglaries could be tracked down in less than 24 hours with suitable GPS tracking devices.

Still in the US, it is well known that some school buses are equipped with GPS tracking devices for emergency response purposes. Indeed, school buses equipped with the GPS tracking devices can be used to shuttle emergency responders such as fire fighters, and evacuate those in need, including nursing home residents.

In summary, GPS device applications are growing more and more over the time. There are mainly used for military and civilian purposes as we described in previous sections. It is nowadays commonplace to see GPS devices almost everywhere as we saw in the previous sections.

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GPS Navigation System Can Save You Gas and Money at the Pump

Save Fuel With a GPS Vehicle Navigation System. When gasoline is reaching all time highs in terms of price, every bit of fuel saved is significant money that doesn't leave your pocket. One of the most interesting weapons you can possibly utilize to save gas could be the GPS vehicle navigation system. If you are confused, or do not know what that is, then read on to find out what your very own vehicle installed GPS navigation system can do for you in terms of increased adventure and gas saved. An auto navigation system, or a hand held navigation system is simply a gps navigation system controlled by a satellite system.

First of all, what is GPS? GPS stands for "global positioning system." Global positioning systems come in many types for many applications, from hand held, to automobile, to boat and airplane. The basic idea behind every GPS navigation system is using a series of satellites to relay information to the GPS receiver and therefore make a very accurate estimation of the location of the receiver on the earth's system. GPS can typically give coordinates of your location accurate to one square meter.

There are a number of GPS navigation systems, which include the Go One GPS vehicle navigation system and the nextar GPS navigation system. The idea behind a vehicle navigation system is utilizing GPS technology as well as imbedded map programs to superimpose your location on a virtual map. This allow the GPS navigation system to not only tell you were you are, but even tell you exactly what turns to make to get you where you want to go! With an effective GPS navigation program, you are guaranteed to get where you are going in the fastest, and most direct way possible because your map program can calculate the exact distance between you and your desired destination and can compare every single route and tell you the shortest one!

GPS navigation systems, along with preventing you from getting lost out there on the highways, also prevents you from making the wrong turn when going places you may think you already know how to go to. When the GPS navigation system is on, the most direct route is always king.

So, if you have not put two and two together, the fact of the matter is that when you are consistently taking the shortest route possible to each and every one of your destinations, you are saving precious miles. With every mile you save, you are saving fuel. The more fuel you save, the more money you save! This is one of the major luxuries that come with owning your own GPS vehicle navigation system. You will not only never get lost, but you will always know the shortest route to your destination. With a GPS tracking system on your side doing the navigating, you are guaranteed to win with decreased fuel consumption.

If you are intrigued, it is time you looked into your very own car portable GPS navigation system today. Find out how the newest, hottest technologies on the market can help you save. With an effective auto GPS navigation program, you are guaranteed to get where you are going in the fastest, and most direct way possible, so get an auto navigation system, or a hand held navigation system in your hands today. A simple gps navigation system will cost pennies compared to the fuel you will save. Save gas today.

The author of this article is Peter Sicoli. Peter owns and operates several websites including JP Global Games a successful game supplier company.

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Ways to Use a Portable GPS System

Since GPS technology became available, the number of devices that contain GPS units has increased. You probably have or know someone that has a GPS unit installed in their car. Technically, the GPS units that are installed in cars are mobile GPS systems, since a car has wheels and it moves around. Other, newer devices that contain portable GPS systems are just as popular.

Serious Portable GPS Systems

Many of the devices that contain portable GPS systems are used for business purposes, emergencies and other very serious matters. The mobile phone is a device that is most likely to contain one. In the past several people would call 911 but they were unable to give their location, so a law was passed that required mobile phones to contain a GPS signal emitter.

Now, a 911 cell phone caller can be located as easily as someone calling from a home phone. PDAs are used by delivery people, sales people, repair people and other people that need them to find their way around, are used to track their positions and keep track of their phone calls. Some software that is being used in conjunction with GPS units can create routes that are efficient by grouping customers together by their location.

Surveyors use a very precise portable GPS system to plan roads, map fields, and locate survey markers and boundaries. Besides PDAs, laptops can be equipped with a Global Positioning System as well as software to use the signal for mapping, traveling and many other purposes. Police and Fire services find new ways to save lives with different types of portable GPS system every day.

Fun Stuff

Almost all electronic gadgets gets turned into toys for adults, and the portable GPS units are no different. Remember that tracking your own position isn't the only way to use a portable GPS system. You can use them track the position of someone or something else too.

Competitive glider pilots use portable GPS units to provide proof that they reached the race markers. Geocaching is a game that is played using a small item that emitters a GPS signal that is hidden and players with PDAs compete to find it. Now that watches and cameras can be found with a portable GPS system, the possibilities of their uses are seemingly endless.

The camera can imprint photos with the latitude and longitude of the places that they were taken. This is very useful on vacations. Smaller GPS units can be used to track pets and other things that might wander off. Besides doing fun things, just having some of the odder new items equipped with a portable GPS system is pretty fun, too. It looks like GPS units are here to stay!

If you are considering purchasing a GPS system, and you would like to read about some of the latest GPS devices on the market then you need to visit: http://www.GpsTrackingWorld.com

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GPS Tracking System: The Key to Saving Money on your Business

It is natural for a business to have its ups and down. Since everything is beyond your control no matter how you strive of putting all things into its right place, sometimes it still fails. Sometimes you just assume that everything is fine though it's not.

Forget about all your worries because with GPS tracking, all will turn into proper places, everything will easily be tracked. The GPS tracking system has helped reduce cost in both personal and professional life of a person and the benefits have been huge.

GPS tracking isn't for every business, but if your company employees drive company vehicles, it is best suited for you. With active GPS tracking technology, you can monitor a driver's speed and location in real time. That's how convenient it is. A unit in a car or truck records the vehicle's speed and location, sending the information back to your office instantaneously. Or consider the cheaper passive GPS tracking technology, which records a driver's speed and location on an onboard unit, which can be accessed later when the driver returns to the office.

The GPS tracking system is designed so that you can track your trucks, containers, trailers, and other vehicles easily. By the use of fleet management you will know when your assets stop, sit idling and the road they are on. With the latest GPS Tracking systems, you can monitor the activities of all your vehicles.

A GPS Tracking System works this way:

You may have heard of GPS technology as a navigational tool. 24 satellites constantly emit signals to be received by handheld computers, such as the GPS Magellan units. A microchip then processes the signals to determine the user's location. Many then display this information on a map, so you can see exactly where you are and how to get to your destination.

GPS vehicle tracking works in a similar fashion, with a couple extra steps. As in GPS navigation, a GPS tracking unit, stored in a vehicle, uses satellite signals to calculate the vehicle's location. It then calculates the vehicle's speed and stores or transmits this information to be accessed by a third party.

As of now, there are already some technical support teams that function, focusing on user-centered design and usability applications. To improve its range and provide for different markets, many GPS services have many add-ons to enhance the performance.

Since the foundation of any company is to stick on their philosophy that in order to maintain long term business relationships, it must be based on reliable service, high quality and strong industrial design and information technology support to adapt to the rapid changes in the markets and the business world.

These companies have dedicated themselves in the use and development of GPS products and applications, including Bluetooth GPS Receiver with SiRF Star 3 chipset, GPS Car Tracking System (Integrated GPS with mobile communication technology), Personal GPS Burglar - proof Tracker, GPS Data Logger, GPS Post-tracking System (off-line tracking). Many companies have invested so much to manufacture products designed to flexibly and rapidly customize their GPS to meet market demands.

These GPS vehicle tracking products are designed and built to provide precise information so that the services of the company who uses them can monitor their fleet as well as enhance the quality of their services.

S. Stammberger is the owner of GPS Navigation Systems. For more information on GPS and GPS Tracking Systems visit http://www.gps-navigation-systems.net.

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Global Positioning System (GPS)

Originally designated the NAVSTAR (Navigation System with Timing And Ranging) Global Positioning System, GPS system was developed by the US Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS system has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational uses (e.g. boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying.

The GPS system employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55 degrees. These spacecraft are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane. All launches have been successful except for one launch failure in 1981. The full 24-satellite constellation was completed on March 9, 1994.

The first eleven spacecraft (GPS Block 1) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the GPS system. The orbit inclination used for these satellites was 63 degrees, differing from the 55 degrees used for the operational system. The Block 2 spacecraft began the operational system. The Block 2A spacecraft (A = Advanced) were a slight improvement over the Block 2.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) was designed as a dual-use system with the primary purpose of enhancing the effectiveness of U.S. and allied military forces. GPS is rapidly becoming an integral component of the emerging Global Information Infrastructure, with applications ranging from mapping and surveying to international air traffic management and global change research. The growing demand from military, civil, commercial, and scientific users has generated a U.S. commercial GPS navigation systems equipment and service industry that leads the world. Augmentations to enhance basic GPS services could further expand these civil and commercial markets.

GPS systems receivers use triangulation of the GPS satellites' navigational signals to determine their location. The satellites provide two different signals that provide different accuracies. Coarse-acquisition (C/A) code is intended for civilian use, and is deliberately degraded. The accuracy using a typical civilian GPS receiver with C/A code is typically about 100 meters. The military's Precision (P) code is not corrupted, and provides positional accuracy to within approximately 20 meters. Numerous on-line tutorials on how GPS works and its applications are available, including those at the University of Texas and Rentec International. GPS systems satellites are controlled at the GPS Master Control Station (MCS) located at Falcon Air Force Base outside Colorado Springs, Colorado. The ground segment also includes four active-tracking ground antennas and five passive-tracking monitor stations.

GPS receiver technology has developed by leaps and bounds over the last few years. GPS receivers were initially the size of a suitcase with the antenna the size of a kid’s blow up swimming pool. Over time, the system has been developed into a civilian friendly program, and GPS receiver technology has miniaturized as well. Automobile GPS receivers are the size of a deck of cards. The gps receiver used in hand held devices is not much larger than a small cell phone. Many newer cell telephones have a GPS receiver integral in their hand set. As manufacturers develop the GPS receiver, they will have to work through display, power use and dexterity limitations. An individual will need a screen with a size that can be viewed from any angle and at a reasonable distance. The GPS receiver is generally always on while in use, so managing power will continue to be an on going problem. The ability to push the small buttons will limit just how small a GPS receiver can be. As touch screens develop and other input systems are introduced, we will see the GPS receiver continue to change in appearance and use.

Author: John B. Whitsell

Making Tracks GPS

www.makingtracksgps.com [http://www.makingtracksgps.com]

Information referenced from NASA and USCG data

John Whitsell is a retired Navy Surface Warfare Officer with 24 years navigation experience both at sea and with land based units. He currently owns Making Tracks GPS.

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8 Advantages Of A GPS System

Global positioning systems are widely in use today for navigation, map making, land surveying fishing, treks, and many scientific applications. GPS receivers can be incorporated into cars, boats, computers, mobile phones watches and more.

There are many advantages of having a gps system:

1. A gps system comes with a "panic" button. When this button is pressed an operator at the gps carrier can listen in on the conversation and either help you out or alert the authorities. This will keep you safe in case of accidents or hi jacks.

2. Your car will never loose your car at a football match or mall. The gps service will track the car for you and send its lights flashing.

3. If your vehicle is ever stolen the gps system will track the vehicle and the authorities will be able to get it back in no time.

4. A gps system in a car, boat, plane or haversack will ensure that you are never lost.

5. A gps system streamlines supply chains and truck movements. The system can track goods at any point of time and accurately predict when goods will reach their destination.

6. Gps systems are used to detect structural problems in buildings and roads and to predict disasters like earthquakes and so on. The scientific applications of a gps system are many.

7. A gps system can be used to locate a lost child, pet or family. The device is quite small and is like a watch or button on a collar.

8. A gps is a great exercise monitor and will help you keep track of your spped and so on.

A word of caution before signing up for a gps system find out what you are paying for and what the monthly fee will cover.

Gps systems have so many uses; they help determine weather patterns, can be used in conjunction with cameras, have varied use in military and have great use in surveying for volcanic eruptions, sink holes, movements in the earth's plates and so on.

A word of caution before signing up for a gps system find out what you are paying for and what the monthly fee will cover. Log on to the internet and find out online what are gps services and what the costs are. Read all about gps systems and the pros and cons. Always compare rates and choose a package that suits you best. The World Wide Web is the most convenient market place to find affordable and useful gps packages.

Arthur Raise is a writer for http://www.1855gps.com , the premier website to gps, best gps, gps systems, gps software, gps receiver, cheap gps, gps tracking system, discount gps, gps map, gps mapping and many more.

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GPS Navigation System - Amazing Innovation In Your Car

The invention of the GPS navigation system is not as new as most people believe; they have been around and used ever since the first GPS satellite was launched into space back in 1978. Global positioning satellites have many civilian and military applications, but one of the most pervasive is navigation.

However, using a GPS navigation system inside an ordinary automobile, is somewhat different than using it on airplane. Transportation by car is dependent on the roads that are traveled. In reality, GPS readings alone such as longitude, latitude and altitude are for all practical purposes useless when you're driving to Aunt Mabel's house. When driving an automobile you can end up going through urban canyons and tunnels, where satellite singles cannot get through. So a different type of GPS technology is needed for automobile GPS navigation systems.

There has been potential for years in automobile GPS navigation systems, and industry has tried various ways to implement them. In 1983, Honda introduced an automobile navigation system that was based primarily on an accelerometer, not on GPS. It wasn't until 1990 that an automobile GPS system was released to the public consumer by Pioneer. Automobile GPS Navigation systems had yet to really come into use until Magellan released its version in the US in 1995. Since then more portable GPS systems have been developed for greater ease of use for people.



Automobile GPS Navigation System Components

An automobile GPS Navigation System requires a GPS receiver and a map database. Some systems also have drive train sensors to supplement when GPS signals are blocked for brief periods.

The database map converts the GPS portable systems coordinates into map locations, such as street names and addresses. Some map databases contain GPS coordinates for specific locations, such as points of interest or rest stops. It's the information in the database, however, that directs you to your location, either visually or by voice. Which means your GPS navigation system is only as good as your GPS car systems map database.



Commercial Applications

Many corporations and businesses use GPS navigation system within their vehicles to dispatch and track vehicles. In various cities throughout the US, taxis come equipped with a GPS navigation system. Dispatchers at the taxi company know where all the taxis are located at any given point in time, and can dispatch them more effectively than before.

Commercial shipping companies find GPS navigation systems indispensable. In addition to being able to track where the trucks are whenever they want, they can also give the customer a tracking number, and then the customer would have the ability to track their individual package themselves.

Korbin Newlyn is an avid follower in the consumer electronics field. You can find more of his insights at GPS Reviews and at GPS Automotive

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GPS Tracking Devices - Which System Is Right For Your Life Style And Budget?

It can be worth your time to educate yourself about the features of the GPS tracking devices and in the end decide which unit will best suit your needs, life style and budget.

There is certainly no shortage of GPS tracking devices available, so I think doing a little research can save you a lot time and hassle in the buying process.

Most of newly designed and developed GPS tracking devices these days feature a voice prompt that tells the direction for you to take during the entire trip.

There are basically four main types of GPS tracking devices to consider.

1. The first is in-car navigation systems, which helps you to identify your location from point A to point B in your car.

2. The second type is the portable outdoor units for outdoor type of people.

3. The third are a handheld type of GPS tracking device that have built in radios which not only allow you to communicate with your fellow hikers, but will also display everyone's location on your screen.

4. The fourth type is a combination of the first and second type, known as PDA/GPS hybrid. GPS tracking devices of this kind offers you large screen and a PDA to help you keep organized.

If you're on a budget, then it is necessary to decide which features of the GPS tracking devices are most important for you. If for instance you want a full featured car navigation system, it can easily run for more than $1000. The marine GPS tracking devices vary widely in prices, but a very good choice may cost no more than $1000. And, if the PDA/GPS hybrid devices interest you, the typically cost of these GPS tracking devices range from $400 to $900.

Here are some features of GPS tracking devices to consider.

In -Car Navigation System

These GPS tracking devices can be built in to your car. You can also buy a device that mounts onto your dashboard. Perhaps the desirable features of these systems include the voice guided directions, detailed built in maps, touch screens, rerouting in case you get off course, and a database with points of interest to help you locate the nearest gas station, and other establishments.

Portable Outdoors Unit

The portable outdoor units are perfect for those who want a GPS tracking device that is not limited to the car. The features that one should look for in a handheld GPS tracking device are lightweight, waterproofing, rugged, color screens, long battery life, and mapping features.

Note that the handheld GPS tracking systems are geared towards people who spend a significant amount of time outside, that's why it is named "outdoor units".

The Marine Systems

If you are on the water and fishing is your passion, then the marine GPS tracking devices are the right one for you. These systems are designed to be on and around water. They usually feature waterproofing, easy-to-read screens, color chart plotters, onshore and offshore maps, fish hotspots, and sonar capability.

PDA/GPS Hybrid

This type of GPS tracking device offers a good combination of the car navigation systems and handheld devices. You'll get the large screens and a PDA to help you keep organized. However, only limited companies have tried to make these units and all have some serious limitations.

There are many companies that offer GPS devices online. You can read the reviews of each type of unit to get a better idea of the quality and if the unit will be cost effective for your budget.

Dean Shainin is a well known writer of http://gps.deans-knowledgebase.com a site designed to provide current information, valuable resources, tips, services and state of the art products related to GPS tracking devices.

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Gps Navigation System - What Are GPS Navigation Systems?

GPS (Global Positioning System) are simply maps that guide you to different unfamiliar places; the only difference is that it is an electronic device with many more features other than just notifying you, where you are.

GPS technology has come a long way in the area of navigation services. It is a highly useful gadget and a huge number of people across the globe have started to discover the advantages of this incredible device. In case you don't have one yet, it's high time that you learn about GPS navigation systems.

Global positioning systems (GPS) are at present connected to 29 satellites. These satellites send out signals that are received by the devices. These signals are decoded by the receivers, which in turn allow the users to find out their exact location, where are they heading and at what speed and time.

Previously GPS was designed strictly for military use, sometime during the mid 1960s. However, 30 years later, these have evolved to be the leading navigation device not only for the military but also for the common man.

Road Navigation:

In today's world where our busy life demands us to commute to different places and that too fast, having a GPS system is a must. The major benefits of using such a device are quite obvious. You no longer need to ask people for directions and also avoid the problem of getting lost while going to an unknown location as your GPS will guider your way to the your destination and back, thus saving a significant amount of your precious time.

There are wide varieties of GPS units that are made available to you on the market. Choosing the right GPS for yourself calls for some research on your part, so that you can choose one that is likely to suit your needs the best. The cheaper devices are small and can be plugged and unplugged when needed. Such gadgets require you to master their features in order to use them effectively.

The expensive GPS units are much more equipped and possess many more features than the basic ones. These high-end gadgets come with digital display that makes it easier for the drivers to figure out where they are and where they are approaching. These gadgets also tell them about the traffic condition of the roads they are driving on. Some gadgets also have an additional 'voice prompt' feature. This particular feature makes it even easier for the driver, as they can concentrate on driving while the gadget reads out the instructions to them. These units are much easier to use and can be manipulated as desired.

What is more interesting to know is that GPS units are not restricted to navigation function only. They can also be used as tracking devices. Many mobile phone companies today are using this technology in their products. This feature in mobile phones helps to locate people in case they are missing or to locate a cell phone if it is lost.

GPS technology is also used in radio beacons especially in PLBs, to track individuals in distress.

After having gone through this article, you must have got a fair idea about how useful a GPS device is. Therefore, in case you are still thinking whether to buy a GPS for yourself or not, I'd suggest getting one right away. Having a GPS is not only time efficient but also makes your overall travelling experience a better one.

SNS Designs, INC. owns a number of websites. They carry wide selection of Garmin GPS, GPS systems, GPS navigation and Tom Tom GPS they offer the most popular gps navigation equipment for cars and mobile devices as well as computers for everyone.

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